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Vol. 18 (2026)

Multifunctional Conductive and Elastic Matrices-Engineered Si Nanocomposite Anodes for Liquid and Solid-State Lithium Batteries

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02258-w
Young‑Han Lee
Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
Je‑Hyeon Han
Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
Deok‑Gyu Kim
Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
Jung‑Woon Yoo
Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
Yoon‑Cheol Ha
Battery Research Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Changwon, Gyeongnam 51543, Republic of Korea
Jae‑Hun Kim
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
Cheol‑Min Park
Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea

Corresponding Author: Cheol‑Min Park

cmpark@kumoh.ac.kr

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 411

Abstract

Silicon anodes have intrinsically low electronic conductivity and severe volume changes, leading to nonuniform reaction kinetics and progressive structural degradation in both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). To overcome these limitations, we develop a silicon nanocomposite anode via a scalable and facile synthesis route. The nanocomposite (Si/a-Sn/CoSi2/G/C) consists of ultrafine Si nanocrystallites integrated with a well-deformable, electronically conductive amorphous Sn; a mechanically robust and elastic CoSi2 framework; a highly Li-reversible, electronically conductive, stress-mitigating graphite scaffold; and a highly elastic, electronically conductive PVC-pyrolyzed amorphous carbon shell. This hierarchical and synergistic architecture integrates uniform nanocrystalline Si dispersion, continuous electronic conduction, and mechanically rigid and elastically buffering matrices that accommodate volume expansion, thereby establishing a robust Si nanocomposite anode platform compatible with both LIBs and ASSLBs. The anode has a high reversible capacity, stable long-term cycling performance, high Coulombic efficiency, and improved rate capability. In LIB systems, a Si/a-Sn/CoSi2/G/C|NCM811 full-cell achieves an energy density of 434.4 Wh kg–1 with durable cycling stability. In sulfide-based ASSLB systems employing Li6PS5Cl, the full-cell has an energy density exceeding 300 Wh kg–1, with structural and electrochemical stability. Thus, Si/a-Sn/CoSi2/G/C is a practical and scalable Si-based anode platform for next-generation LIBs and ASSLBs.


Highlights:
1 A Si nanocomposite (Si/a-Sn/CoSi2/G/C) anode incorporating multifunctional conductive–elastic matrices was fabricated via a simple and scalable route.
2 The multimatrix design sustains electronic percolation, facilitates Li+ transport, and provides multilevel stress buffering with elastic recovery to mitigate Si chemo-mechanical degradation.
3 Si/a-Sn/CoSi2/G/C-based full-cells achieve high energy densities in both liquid and solid-state systems (434.4 Wh kg–1 in LIBs and >300 Wh kg–1 in all-solid-state lithium batteries) with durable cycling stability.

Keywords

Lithium-ion battery All-solid-state lithium battery Si-based anode Sulfide solid electrolyte Multifunctional matrices
Lee, Young‑Han, Je‑Hyeon Han, Deok‑Gyu Kim, Jung‑Woon Yoo, Yoon‑Cheol Ha, Jae‑Hun Kim, and Cheol‑Min Park. 2026. “Multifunctional Conductive and Elastic Matrices-Engineered Si Nanocomposite Anodes for Liquid and Solid-State Lithium Batteries”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (June):411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02258-w.
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