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Vol. 18 (2026)

Electrostatic Regulation of Na+ Coordination Chemistry for High-Performance All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01910-1
Penghui Song
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People’s Republic of China
Suli Chen
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People’s Republic of China
Junhong Guo
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People’s Republic of China
Junchen Wu
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People’s Republic of China
Qiongqiong Lu
Institute of Materials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Conductor Materials, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, People’s Republic of China
Haijiao Xie
Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310003, People’s Republic of China
Qingsong Wang
Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
Tianxi Liu
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Qingsong Wang

qingsong.wang@uni-bayreuth.de

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 72

Abstract

Ion migration capability and interfacial chemistry of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) in all-solid-state sodium metal batteries (ASSMBs) are closely related to the Na+ coordination environment. Herein, an electrostatic engineering strategy is proposed to regulate the Na+ coordinated structure by employing a fluorinated metal–organic framework as an electron-rich model. Theoretical and experimental results revealed that the abundant electron-rich F sites can accelerate the disassociation of Na-salt through electrostatic attraction to release free Na+, while forcing anions into a Na+ coordination structure though electrostatic repulsion to weaken the Na+ coordination with polymer, thus promoting rapid Na+ transport. The optimized anion-rich weak solvation structure fosters a stable inorganic-dominated solid–electrolyte interphase, significantly enhancing the interfacial stability toward Na anode. Consequently, the Na/Na symmetric cell delivered stable Na plating/stripping over 2500 h at 0.1 mA cm−2. Impressively, the assembled ASSMBs demonstrated stable performance of over 2000 cycles even under high rate of 2  C with capacity retention nearly 100%, surpassing most reported ASSMBs using various solid-state electrolytes. This work provides a new avenue for regulating the Na+ coordination structure of SPEs by exploration of electrostatic effect engineering to achieve high-performance all-solid-state alkali metal batteries.


Highlights:
1 An electrostatic engineering strategy is proposed to regulate the Na+ coordinated structure by employing a fluorinated metal–organic framework as an electron-rich model.
2 The abundant electron-rich F sites can accelerate Na-salt disassociation while forcing anions into Na+ coordination structure though electrostatic effect to weaken the Na–O coordination, thus promoting rapid Na+ transport.
3 Anion-rich weak Na+ solvation structure is achieved and contributes to a highly stable inorganic-rich solid–electrolyte interphase, significantly enhances the interfacial stability toward Na anode.
4 Impressively, Na/Na symmetric cell delivered stable Na plating/stripping over 2500 h, and the assembled all-solid-state sodium metal batteries demonstrated stable performance of over 2000 cycles under high rate of 2 C with capacity retention nearly 100%.

Keywords

All-solid-state sodium metal batteries Polymer electrolyte Interfacial chemistry Na transport kinetics Electrostatic engineering
Song, Penghui, Suli Chen, Junhong Guo, Junchen Wu, Qiongqiong Lu, Haijiao Xie, Qingsong Wang, and Tianxi Liu. 2025. “Electrostatic Regulation of Na+ Coordination Chemistry for High-Performance All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (September):72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01910-1.
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