Issue

Vol. 18 (2026)

MXene-Assembled Liquid Metal Hybrid Microparticles for Multifunctional and Stretchable Printed Electronics

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02154-3
Rouhui Yu
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Jiexin Qiu
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Hui Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Xiangheng Du
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Jiale Sun
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Zishuo Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Long Chen
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Zhongyao Fan
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Huifang Chen
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Meifang Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Shaowu Pan
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Shaowu Pan

pansw@dhu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 314

Abstract

Stretchable printed electronic devices are essential for the advancement of soft robotics, bioelectronics, and wearable systems. Liquid metals, owing to their high electrical conductivity and intrinsic deformability, have emerged as promising candidates for these applications. However, their limited functionality hinders their integration into multifunctional electronic devices. Here, we present versatile MXene-assembled liquid metal hybrid microparticles (MLHMs), which serve not only as conductive platforms for diverse electronic devices but also as electrochemical electrodes for stretchable energy storage devices. This multifunctionality stems from their unique structure, in which MXene nanosheets self-assemble around liquid metal microparticles via coordination interactions, forming an interconnected hybrid network within the printed pattern. This architecture enables the activation of electrical conductivity in hybrid microparticles at a minimal strain of 2.5%, achieving a high electrical conductivity of 3.7 × 105 S m−1 and excellent stretchability of ~ 700%. The MLHMs demonstrate multifunctionality in stretchable antennas, micro-supercapacitors, electroluminescent devices, and flexible printed circuit boards, enabling wireless power transmission, energy storage, and stretchable and interactive display. These hybrids represent versatile material units for advancing stretchable and integrated electronic systems.


Highlights:
1 MXene-assembled liquid metal hybrid microparticles were developed by integrating MXene nanosheets with liquid metal particles through Ga–O–Ti coordination bonding.
2 These hybrid microparticles can be precisely patterned onto diverse substrates via printing techniques, achieving high conductivity of 3.7 × 105 S m−1.
3 Their multifunctionality is demonstrated in applications including wireless power transmission, energy storage, and interactive display systems.

Keywords

Liquid metals MXene Hybrid microparticles Multifunctional electronics
Yu, Rouhui, Jiexin Qiu, Hui Zhu, Xiangheng Du, Jiale Sun, Zishuo Zhang, Long Chen, Zhongyao Fan, Huifang Chen, Meifang Zhu, and Shaowu Pan. 2026. “MXene-Assembled Liquid Metal Hybrid Microparticles for Multifunctional and Stretchable Printed Electronics”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (April):314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02154-3.
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