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Vol. 18 (2026)

Enhanced Spin-Engineering Photothermoelectric–Enzymatic Catalysis System via Lattice Mismatch-Induced Jahn–Teller Distortion for Tumor Therapy

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02175-y
Pengyu Zang
Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
Meiqi Yang
Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
Chenghao Yu
Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
Rui Zhang
Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
Avez Sharipov
Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Ministry of the Health of Uzbekistan, 100015 Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
Ruifang Shen
Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, People’s Republic of China
Dan Yang
Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
Shili Gai
Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
Piaoping Yang
Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Piaoping Yang

yangpiaoping@hrbeu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 323

Abstract

Oxygen-dependent electrodynamic therapy is hindered by electron–hole recombination and hypoxia. This study provides a heterojunction-induced Jahn–Teller distortion-enhanced spin-engineering Fe3O4–Ag2S nanoplatform to address these limitations. The large interfacial lattice mismatch induces previously unrecognized Jahn–Teller distortions on high-spin Fe sites, modifying d-orbital splitting and enhancing spin-polarized catalytic activity. This lattice–spin–carrier coupling synergistically amplifies catalase-, peroxidase-, and glutathioneox-like pathways. Under near-infrared irradiation, the photothermal effect of Fe3O4 activates the thermoelectric response of Ag2S and drives continuous hot-carrier injection. Thermoelectric fields drive hot holes to boost catalase activity through Jahn–Teller effect-enhanced spin catalysis sites and drive hot electrons to convert O2  to cytotoxic O2.− and 1O2 under the Jahn–Teller distortion, promoting and forming a self-amplifying catalytic loop. Fine structure characterization and density functional theory calculations collectively verify strain-driven Fe–O bond differentiation and spin-state reconfiguration. The heterojunction achieves potent thermoelectric–enzyme co-catalysis with 95% tumor inhibition under near-infrared irradiation and supports dual-mode imaging. This work establishes a framework for designing high-performance photothermal–thermoelectric catalysts through crystal field/spin-state modulation in p–n heterojunctions, synergistically boosting multi-enzyme activity and catalytic efficiency for hypoxia-resistant therapy.


Highlights:
1 A Fe3O4–Ag2S p–n heterojunction is engineered to induce interfacial Jahn–Teller distortion, which modifies d-orbital splitting and enhances spin-polarized catalytic activity for synergistic tumor therapy.
2 The photothermal-driven thermoelectric effect generates an electric field that facilitates directional charge separation, concurrently boosting multiple enzyme-mimicking activities for enhanced catalytic therapy.
3 Density functional theory calculations confirm that the Jahn–Teller distortion optimizes the d-orbital and spin state of Fe3+, providing a theoretical basis for the superior thermoelectric and enzymatic performance.

Keywords

Spin engineering Jahn–Teller effect Multi-enzyme activity P–n junctions Photothermoelectric therapy
Zang, Pengyu, Meiqi Yang, Chenghao Yu, Rui Zhang, Avez Sharipov, Ruifang Shen, Dan Yang, Shili Gai, and Piaoping Yang. 2026. “Enhanced Spin-Engineering Photothermoelectric–Enzymatic Catalysis System via Lattice Mismatch-Induced Jahn–Teller Distortion for Tumor Therapy”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (April):323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02175-y.
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