Issue

Vol. 18 (2026)

Multifunctional Three-Dimensional Porous MXene-Based Film with Superior Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Flexible Electronics Performance

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-02034-2
Li Chang
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People’s Republic of China
Xinci Zhang
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People’s Republic of China
Tingting Liu
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People’s Republic of China
Benyi Li
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People’s Republic of China
Ying Ji
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People’s Republic of China
Gongming Sun
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People’s Republic of China
Ziming Wang
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People’s Republic of China
Xitian Zhang
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People’s Republic of China
Maosheng Cao
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
Lin Li
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Lin Li

lil@hrbnu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 184

Abstract

The development of multifunctional electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials is essential for next-generation flexible electronics and intelligent protection systems. Herein, a novel three-dimensional porous MXene-based film integrated with metallic nickel nanoparticles (Ni-PMF) is designed and synthesized with the potential to address the urgent need for multifunctional electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials in next-generation intelligent systems. By using polystyrene spheres as sacrificial templates, a hierarchical porous architecture is constructed to prevent MXene nanosheet restacking, extend electromagnetic wave propagation paths, and optimize impedance matching. Simultaneously, uniformly distributed Ni nanoparticles introduce abundant heterogeneous interfaces, enhancing interfacial polarization and magnetic loss, which significantly improve electromagnetic wave attenuation. The Ni-PMF film achieves a minimum reflection loss of –64.7 dB and a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 7.2 GHz, covering the full Ku-band and outperforming most reported MXene thin film absorbers. In addition to superior electromagnetic wave absorption, the film demonstrates excellent electrothermal conversion and flexible strain-sensing capabilities, enabling integrated protection and real-time sensing functions. This multifunctional material offers promising potential for next-generation smart flexible electronic systems.


Highlights:
1 A multifunctional three-dimensional porous MXene-based film is fabricated, featuring a hierarchical porous structure that prevents nanosheet restacking and optimizes impedance matching.
2 The MXene-based film integrated with metallic nickel nanoparticles (Ni-PMF) film with a wide effective bandwidth of 7.2 GHz, fully covering the Ku-band and surpassing most reported MXene-based film absorbers. Simultaneously, the Ni-PMF exhibits excellent electrothermal conversion and flexible strain-sensing capabilities.
3 The Ni-PMF film integrates an electromagnetic attenuation mechanism, particularly abundant heterogeneous interfaces, thereby enhancing interfacial polarization and magnetic loss.

Keywords

3D porous MXene films Ni nanoparticles Electromagnetic wave absorption Interfacial polarization Multifunctional sensing
Chang, Li, Xinci Zhang, Tingting Liu, Benyi Li, Ying Ji, Gongming Sun, Ziming Wang, Xitian Zhang, Maosheng Cao, and Lin Li. 2026. “Multifunctional Three-Dimensional Porous MXene-Based Film With Superior Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Flexible Electronics Performance”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (January):184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-02034-2.
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