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Vol. 18 (2026)

Lattice Anchoring Stabilizes α-FAPbI3 Perovskite for High-Performance X-Ray Detectors

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01856-4
Yu‑Hua Huang
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
Su‑Yan Zou
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
Cong‑Yi Sheng
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
Yu‑Chuang Fang
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
Xu‑Dong Wang
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
Wei Wei
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
Wen‑Guang Li
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
Dai‑Bin Kuang
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Dai‑Bin Kuang

kuangdb@mail.sysu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 14

Abstract

Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite exhibits an impressive X-ray absorption coefficient and a large carrier mobility-lifetime product (µτ), making it as a highly promising candidate for X-ray detection application. However, the presence of larger FA+ cation induces to an expansion of the Pb-I octahedral framework, which unfortunately affects both the stability and charge carrier mobility of the corresponding devices. To address this challenge, we develop a novel low-dimensional (HtrzT)PbI3 perovskite featuring a conjugated organic cation (1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-thiol, HtrzT+) which matches well with the α-FAPbI3 lattices in two-dimensional plane. Benefiting from the matched lattice between (HtrzT)PbI3 and α-FAPbI3, the anchored lattice enhances the Pb-I bond strength and effectively mitigates the inherent tensile strain of the α-FAPbI3 crystal lattice. The X-ray detector based on (HtrzT)PbI3(1.0)/FAPbI3 device achieves a remarkable sensitivity up to 1.83 × 105 μC Gyair−1 cm−2, along with a low detection limit of 27.6 nGyair s−1, attributed to the release of residual stress, and the enhancement in carrier mobility-lifetime product. Furthermore, the detector exhibits outstanding stability under X-ray irradiation with tolerating doses equivalent to nearly 1.17 × 106 chest imaging doses.


Highlights:
1 A lattice-anchoring strategy using low-dimensional perovskite addresses structural instability in α-formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) by matching crystal lattice, mitigating residual stress and tensile strain.
2 Enhanced Pb-I bonding strength and reduced lattice strain improve structural stability and carrier mobility-lifetime product, enabling efficient charge transport.
3 Optimized X-ray detectors achieve high sensitivity (1.83 × 105 μC Gyair–1 cm–2), low detection limit (27.6 nGyair s–1), and stable performance under prolonged irradiation.

Keywords

α-FAPbI3 perovskite Conjugated organic cation Lattice anchoring Phase stability X-ray detectors
Huang, Yu‑Hua, Su‑Yan Zou, Cong‑Yi Sheng, Yu‑Chuang Fang, Xu‑Dong Wang, Wei Wei, Wen‑Guang Li, and Dai‑Bin Kuang. 2025. “Lattice Anchoring Stabilizes α-FAPbI3 Perovskite for High-Performance X-Ray Detectors”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (July):14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01856-4.
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